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Technical Background for Additives Inc.
Antifreeze Additive Packages

 

Additives Inc. offers a simple solution to the problem of complying with the many specifications that antifreeze producers face today. The requirements of these specifications vary over a wide range and require antifreeze manufacturers to make a variety of different products or be excluded from new segments of the market that have appeared in recent years. Some of the newer technologies, such as organic acid technology for Long Life antifreeze, is not generally available in the market and producers are forced to buy expensive, limited use additive packages to make these special products, or to buy and resell certain antifreezes to remain a full line supplier.

There are currently five general classifications of antifreeze requirements in the market: light duty and automotive; heavy duty and diesel; fully formulated precharged antifreeze; organic acid technology (OAT) antifreeze and Long Life antifreeze, which may be OAT-type or other technologies that provide at least 5-year, 150,000 mile service. A producer can satisfy the requirements of these five categories with three basic antifreezes:

1) A Universal antifreeze which will meet the requirements of the light duty/automotive and heavy duty/diesel markets.
2) A precharged antifreeze for the heavy-load factor diesel market.
3) An organic-based Long Life antifreeze.

Although this approach provides antifreezes that will meet all of the primary specifications or standards, it is not necessarily the best way to achieve this objective. There are some inherent problems associated with antifreeze technologies generally available on the market in each of these categories. These problems, or at least potential problems are summarized below:


1) Conventional Universal antifreeze (i.e. those based on inorganic salt inhibitor systems) contain silicate, which is the only widely practiced non-carboxylate technology for protecting aluminum. Silicate is, unfortunately, the most problematic of all inhibitor package ingredients. Certain impurities and certain conditions (such as low pH) can cause it to precipitate. If not properly stabilized with a silane, silicate can form an inorganic polymer to create the not uncommon silica gel.

2) Conventional precharged antifreeze additive packages have very high dissolved solids levels and become major crystallization problems if not properly blended in the first place, or if stored in environments in which the ambient temperature can fall below about 55º C. They also have all of the silicate precipitation/gelation problems mentioned earlier.

3) Most carboxylate-based OAT-type Long Life antifreezes are not compatible with most conventional antifreezes, or even with other OAT-type antifreezes. This limits flexibility in top off situations, and if incompatible antifreezes are mixed in a cooling system, some corrosion protection can be lost.

Additives Inc. offers a series of additive packages based on superior, cutting-edge technology which virtually eliminates these potential problems. Our VGAP Add Paks employ proprietary organic/inorganic additive systems which have the following features:

They are non-silicate formulations which use a combination of organic ingredients to protect aluminum. Thus, the problems of silica gelation, silicate fall-out and many silicate-promoted incompatibility problems are eliminated. The organic/inorganic inhibitors used in VGAP Add Paks actually provide better aluminum protection that silicates, especially in situations in which the coolant pH falls below 10.0 due to excessive dilution or other reasons.

They are low-dissolved-solids formulations, since they utilize primarily liquid organic components. Even when formulated with high nitrite/molybdate levels to meet ASTM D 6210, these Add Paks present no problems of crystallization during storage, even at temperatures well below 40º F.

They are non-carboxylate formulations, eliminating the compatibility problems associated with this compound, which is the characteristic ingredient in most Long-Life or Extended-Life additive packages and antifreezes. In fact, VGAP-based antifreezes have been found to be compatible with most antifreezes of all types on the market today, whether conventional inorganic salt based or carboxylate based. Hence, antifreezes made with VGAP Add Paks can be mixed with or used to top off all types of antifreezes without detrimental effects to performance and corrosion protection.

Additives Inc. VGAP Add Paks will allow the antifreeze blender to meet all of the primary ASTM Antifreeze Standards with an ease of use and level of performance unmatched by any other series. Our VGAP 700 series consists of single-part, non-silicate, non-nitrate, non-nitrite, non-amine additive systems which provide universal corrosion protection for both automotive (ASTM D 3306) and basic heavy duty diesel (ASTM D 4985) applications. Our
VGAP 800 series of Add Paks provides the high nitrite or high nitrite/molybdate levels required by ASTM D 6210 and ATA TMC RP329 to make fully-formulated, precharged antifreezes.

Additives Inc. also offers additive packages for antifreeze manufacturers that use reclaimed and sidestream glycols as feedstocks, and for antifreeze recycling. Our RGAP series of Add Paks contains special proprietary ingredients to minimize or eliminate additive precipitation and pH drift.

Supplemental coolant additives are also available. These include standard maintenance-interval additives used to boost the coolant inhibitor package in heavy duty diesel cooling systems on a hours of service or mileage basis. They also include high nitrite SCA's used to convert Universal antifreezes into fully-formulated, precharged antifreezes.

Reserve Alkalinity
Levels above 10 ml are beneficial in heavy duty situations in which conventional inorganic salt additive systems with silicate aluminum protection are employed. These systems require a pH of 10-10.5 to perform well. In heavy load factor, high temperature situations, glycolic acid formation proceeds at a more rapid rate, and a higher reserve alkalinity will keep the pH buffered for a longer period of time.

The additive systems used in our VGAP series of Add Paks are not as sensitive to pH and perform well over a pH range that starts as low as 9.0 - 9.5.

A Stabilized Silicate aluminum protection system can be added to the VGAP series of Add Paks. Our testing indicates, however, that this addition does not have a significant positive impact on aluminum corrosion protection.

 

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Additives Inc.
5915 N. Broadway
Denver, CO 80216 USA
Tel: (303) 292-0595
Fax: (303) 292-0429

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